What about pages that are in languages other than English? Can those be optimized?

Yes. We generally develop a list of 20 English search terms to cover each page (assuming the foreign language pages have essentially the same content as the English). Then we regionalize the search terms for each market/country and translate the search terms into local languages (using our 3rd party professional translation service if necessary). Once that is done, we develop and test META tags for each page/site and have the site submitted to the appropriate international and foreign search engines.